Kupyna
A that presents collisions against 4 rounds of Kupyna-256 in 267 time and against 5 rounds in 2120 time. It was created to replace an obsolete GOST hash function defined in the old standard GOST 34.11-95, similar to Streebog hash function standardized in Russia.
In addition to the hash function, the standard also describes message authentication code generation using Kupyna with digest sizes 256, 384 and 512 bits.
Contents
Description
Kupyna hash function uses compression function based on . The compression function consists of two fixed permutations, T⊕ and T+, which are taken from the block cipher and consist of four operations: AddRoundConstant, SubBytes, ShiftBytes and MixColumns. The round function uses four different S-boxes.
The function can return a digest of arbitrary length from 8 to 512 bits; function which returns n-bit digest is called Kupyna-n. The recommended digest lengths are 256, 384 and 512 bits.
The designers claim that and attacks are ineffective after 4 rounds of the compression function.
Kupyna is Ukrainian name for .
Examples of Kupyna hashes
Hash values of empty string.
Kupyna-256("") 0x cd5101d1ccdf0d1d1f4ada56e888cd724ca1a0838a3521e7131d4fb78d0f5eb6 Kupyna-512("") 0x 656b2f4cd71462388b64a37043ea55dbe445d452aecd46c3298343314ef04019 bcfa3f04265a9857f91be91fce197096187ceda78c9c1c021c294a0689198538
Even a small change in the message will (with overwhelm probability) result in a mos different hash, due to the . For example, adding a period to the end of the sentence:
Kupyna-256("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog") 0x 996899f2d7422ceaf552475036b2dc120607eff538abf2b8dff471a98a4740c6 Kupyna-256("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.") 0x 88ea8ce988fe67eb83968cdc0f6f3ca693baa502612086c0dcec761a98e2fb1f
Cryptanalysis
Christoph Dobraunig, Maria Eichlseder, and Florian Mendel describe a collision attack using on Kupyna-256 reduced to 4 rounds with time complexity 267 and on Kupyna-256 reduced to 5 rounds with time complexity 2120, based on rebound attacks on Grøstl.
Jian Zou and Le Dong also describe a collision attack on Kupyna-256 reduced to 5 rounds with time complexity 2120, as well as pseudo-preimage attack on 6-round Kupyna-256 with time and memory complexities 2250 and on 8-round Kupyna-512 with time and memory complexities 2498. They note that these attacks do not threat any security claims of Kupyna.
Onur Duman published on Kupyna when it is used for MAC schemes. According to the paper, recovering one byte of the state requires 2.21–2.42 faults.