Cross-interleaved Reed–Solomon coding
In the system, cross-interleaved Reed–Solomon code (CIRC) provides error detection and . CIRC adds to every three data one parity byte.
Contents
Overview
are specifically useful in combating mixtures of random and burst . CIRC corrects up to 3,500 bits in sequence (2.4 mm in length as seen on CD surface) and compensates for error bursts up to 12,000 bits (8.5 mm) that may be caused by minor scratches.
Characteristics
- High random error correctability
- Long burst error correctability
- In case the burst correction capability is exceeded, may provide concealment by approximation
- Simple decoder strategy possible with reasonably-sized external
- Very high efficiency
- Room for future introduction of four audio channels without major changes in the format (as of 2008, this has not been implemented).
Interleave
Errors found in (CDs) are a combination of random and burst errors. In order to alleviate the strain on the error control code, some form of interleaving is required. The CD system employs two Reed–Solomon codes, which are interleaved cross-wise. Judicious positioning of the channels as well as the audio samples on even or odd-number instants within the interleaving scheme provide the error concealment ability, and the multitude of interleave structures used on the CD makes it possible to correct and detect errors with a relatively low amount of redundancy.